.Akayunguruzo k'amavuta ni kamwe katewe igitutu kinini - ibintu bibaho mugihe umuvuduko wamavuta ugenga valve idakora neza.Iyo havumbuwe amavuta ya filteri, igitutu kigenga valve kigomba guhita gitangwa.

(2) Niki gitera igitutu kirenze?Umuvuduko ukabije wamavuta ya moteri nigisubizo cyumuvuduko wamavuta ugenga valve.Gutandukanya neza ibice bya moteri no kwirinda kwambara cyane, amavuta agomba kuba afite igitutu.Pompe itanga amavuta mubunini hamwe nigitutu kirenze ibyo sisitemu isaba gusiga amavuta hamwe nibindi bice byimuka.Igikoresho cyo kugenzura gifungura kwemerera amajwi arenze urugero nigitutu.

.Kubwamahirwe, valve ifunze irashobora kwigobotora nyuma yo kuyungurura, nta kimenyetso cyerekana imikorere mibi.

(4) Icyitonderwa: Umuvuduko ukabije wamavuta uzatera gushungura.Niba valve igenzura ikomeje kugumaho, gaze hagati ya filteri na base irashobora guturika cyangwa akayunguruzo kafunguye.Sisitemu noneho izatakaza amavuta yayo yose.Kugirango ugabanye ingaruka za sisitemu irenze urugero, abatwara ibinyabiziga bagomba kugirwa inama yo guhindura amavuta no kuyungurura kenshi.

.Igenzura rya valve ryashyizweho nuwabikoze kugirango akomeze umuvuduko ukwiye.Umuyoboro ukoresha umupira (cyangwa plunger) hamwe nuburyo bwimvura.Iyo igitutu cyo gukora kiri munsi yurwego rwa PSI rwateganijwe, isoko yisoko ifata umupira mumwanya ufunze kugirango amavuta atembera mubitutu munsi yigitutu.Iyo umubare wifuzwa wumuvuduko ugeze, valve irakingura bihagije kugirango ukomeze uyu muvuduko.Iyo valve imaze gukingurwa, igitutu kiguma gihoraho, hamwe nimpinduka nto gusa nkuko moteri ihinduka.Niba umuvuduko wamavuta ugenga valve uhagaze mumwanya ufunze cyangwa ugatinda kwimuka kumwanya ufunguye moteri itangiye, umuvuduko muri sisitemu uzarenga igenamigambi rya valve.Ibi birashobora gutera amavuta arenze urugero.Niba hagaragaye akayunguruzo k'amavuta, umuvuduko wamavuta ugenga valve igomba guhita itangwa.

(2) Ubutabazi (Bypass) Valve: Muri sisitemu yuzuye, amavuta yose anyura muyungurura kugirango agere kuri moteri.Niba akayunguruzo kafunze, indi nzira igana kuri moteri igomba gutangwa kumavuta, cyangwa ibyuma nibindi bice byimbere birashobora kunanirwa kubera inzara yamavuta.Ubutabazi, cyangwa bypass, valve ikoreshwa kugirango yemere amavuta adafunguye gusiga moteri.Amavuta adashizwemo aruta kure cyane amavuta.Iyi nkeragutabara (bypass) yubatswe muri moteri ya moteri mumodoka zimwe.Bitabaye ibyo, ubutabazi (bypass) valve nikintu kigizwe namavuta ubwayo.Mubihe bisanzwe, valve ikomeza gufungwa.Iyo hari umwanda uhagije muyungurura amavuta kugirango ugere kurwego rwateganijwe rwumuvuduko utandukanya amavuta (hafi 10-12 PSI mumodoka nyinshi zitwara abagenzi), itandukaniro ryumuvuduko kuri valve yubutabazi (bypass) itera gufungura.Iyi miterere irashobora kubaho mugihe akayunguruzo k'amavuta kamaze gufungwa cyangwa mugihe ikirere gikonje kandi amavuta akaba menshi kandi atemba buhoro.

.Iyo moteri itangiye, amavuta agomba kuzuza akayunguruzo mbere yuko amavuta yuzuye agera kuri moteri.Umuyoboro urwanya imiyoboro, ushyizwe muyungurura igihe bikenewe, urinda amavuta gutemba.Iyi anti-drainback valve mubyukuri ni reberi itwikiriye imbere imbere yumwobo winjira.Iyo pompe yamavuta itangiye kuvoma amavuta, umuvuduko uza gukuramo flap.Intego yiyi valve nugukomeza gushungura amavuta yuzuza igihe cyose, mugihe moteri itangiye hazabaho gutanga amavuta ako kanya kuri moteri.

.Kugira ngo ibyo bitabaho, akayunguruzo ka moteri ya turbuclifike ya moteri ifite ibikoresho byabugenewe byabugenewe, inzira imwe, kuzimya bita anti-siphon valve.Umuvuduko wamavuta ukomeza iyi valve yuzuye isoko mugihe moteri ifunguye.Iyo moteri yazimye kandi umuvuduko wamavuta ukamanuka kuri zeru, valve irwanya siphon ihita ifunga kugirango ibuze gusubira inyuma kwamavuta.Iyi valve yemeza ko hazakomeza kubaho amavuta aboneka kuri turbocharger hamwe na moteri yo gusiga moteri mugitangira.

.Niyo mpamvu buri gihe ari byiza gutangira moteri gahoro gahoro, ukayireka ikagenda idafite amasegonda 30-60, sisitemu yo gusiga rero izaba yuzuye amavuta mbere yuko umutwaro uremereye ushyirwa kuri moteri.

(1) Gushungura Ibipimo Byubuhanga.Gupima imikorere bigomba gushingira kumyumvire yuko akayunguruzo gahari kuri moteri kugirango ikureho ibice byangiza bityo irinde moteri kwambara.Akayunguruzo keza ni igipimo cyimikorere ya filteri mukurinda uduce duto twangiza kugera kuri moteri yambaye.Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane mubipimo ni pass imwe ikora neza, cumulative efficient and multipass efficient.Ibipimo byerekana uburyo ibi bizamini bikorwa byanditswe ninzego zubwubatsi ku isi yose: SAE (Sosiyete yAbashinzwe Imodoka), ISO (International Standards Organisation) na NFPA (National Fluid Power Association).Ibipimo bigenzurwa na Benzhilv muyunguruzi nuburyo bwinganda zemewe n’imodoka zo gusuzuma no kugereranya imikorere ya filteri.Bumwe muri ubwo buryo busobanura imikorere itandukanye.Ibisobanuro bigufi kuri buri gikurikira.

(2) Ubushobozi bwa Muyunguruzi bupimirwa mu kizamini cyerekanwe muri SAE HS806.Kugirango ushireho akayunguruzo keza, hagomba kuboneka impirimbanyi hagati yubushobozi buhanitse nubuzima burebure.Ntabwo arigihe kirekire cyo kuyungurura hamwe nubushobozi buke cyangwa imbaraga-zo hejuru zungurura hamwe nubuzima bugufi ni ingirakamaro mumurima.Ubushobozi bwo gufata umwanda nkuko byasobanuwe muri SAE HS806 ni ubwinshi bwanduye bwakuweho kandi bufashwe nayunguruzo ruva mumavuta mugihe cyama kizenguruka cyamavuta yanduye.Ikizamini kirangira mugihe igitutu cyateganijwe kugabanuka hejuru ya filteri igeze, mubisanzwe kuri 8 psid.Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko bifitanye isano no gushiraho akayunguruzo bypass valve.

.Ikizamini gikoreshwa mugukomeza kongeramo ibizamini (ivumbi) kumavuta azenguruka muyungurura.Imikorere ipimwa mugereranya uburemere bwumwanda usigaye mumavuta nyuma yo kuyungurura, kumafaranga azwi yongewe kumavuta kugeza igihe cyo gusesengura.Ubu ni uburyo bwo guhuriza hamwe kuko akayunguruzo gafite amahirwe menshi yo gukuramo umwanda mumavuta nkuko azenguruka inshuro nyinshi binyuze muyungurura.

(4) Gukora neza.Ubu buryo nuburyo buherutse gutezwa imbere muri butatu kandi bukorwa nkuburyo bwasabwe n’imiryango mpuzamahanga ndetse n’Amerika.Harimo ikoranabuhanga rishya ryikigereranyo muri comptabilite zikoresha zikoreshwa mu gusesengura aho gupima umwanda gusa.Ibyiza byibi nuko ibikorwa byo gukuraho ibice byungurura bishobora kuboneka kubunini butandukanye mubice byubuzima bwa filteri.Imikorere yagenwe muri ubu buryo bwikizamini ni "ako kanya" imikorere, kuko umubare wibice mbere na nyuma yo kuyungurura bibarwa mugihe kimwe.Iyi mibare noneho igereranwa no kubyara ibipimo byiza.

(5) Ibizamini bya mashini kandi biramba.Akayunguruzo ka peteroli nako gakorerwa ibizamini byinshi kugirango byemeze ubusugire bwa filteri nibiyigize mugihe cyimodoka ikora.Ibi bizamini birimo umuvuduko ukabije, umunaniro utera imbaraga, kunyeganyega, valve yubutabazi hamwe na anti-drainback valve ikora hamwe nigihe kirekire cyamavuta ashyushye.

(6) Impamyabumenyi imwe yapimwe mubizamini byagenwe na SAE HS806.Muri iki kizamini akayunguruzo kabona amahirwe imwe gusa yo gukuraho umwanda mumavuta.Ibice byose byanyuze muyungurura byafashwe na "absolute" muyunguruzi yo gupima isesengura.Ubu buremere bugereranijwe namafaranga yongewe kumavuta.Iyi mibare igena imikorere ya filteri mugukuraho ibice byubunini buzwi, ubunini bwateye moteri ikomeye kwambara, microni 10 kugeza kuri 20.Izina inzira imwe yerekana ko ibice binyura muyungurura rimwe gusa aho kuba inshuro nyinshi.

Nibyo, dufite ikizamini 100% mbere yo kubyara

(1) Kurekura umuvuduko muri sisitemu yo gutwika kugirango urebe ko amavuta adatera mugihe cyo gusenya.

(2) Kuraho ibishishwa bya peteroli bishaje uhereye hasi.hanyuma usukure hejuru yubuso.

(3) Uzuza lisansi nshya ya lisansi.

(4) Shira amavuta hejuru yubushakashatsi bushya bwa peteroli kugirango ushireho kashe

(5) Shyiramo amashanyarazi mashya kuri base.Nyuma yo gufunga impeta imaze gushyirwaho, komeza kuri 3/4 ~ 1

Kutumva nabi 1: Ntabwo bitwaye icyo uyungurura ukoresha, mugihe cyose bitagira ingaruka kubikorwa byubu.
Kwizirika ku byondo: Ingaruka zo kutayungurura ubuziranenge kuri moteri irahishe kandi ntishobora guhita iboneka ako kanya, ariko mugihe ibyangiritse byubaka kugeza igihe runaka, bizaba bitinze.

Kutumva nabi 2: Ubwiza bwa filteri yo gutwika burasa, kandi gusimburwa kenshi ntakibazo
Kwibutsa: Igipimo cyubwiza bwa filteri ntabwo ari ubuzima bwiyungurura gusa, ahubwo nuburyo bwo kuyungurura neza.Niba akayunguruzo gafite ubushobozi buke bwo kuyungurura, niyo yahinduwe kenshi, gari ya moshi isanzwe ntishobora kurindwa neza.Sisitemu.

Ikinyoma cya 3: Akayunguruzo kadakeneye guhinduka akenshi nukuri gushungura
Impanuro: mubihe bimwe.Akayunguruzo keza cyane kazasimburwa kenshi kuko aribyiza mugukuraho umwanda.

Ikinyoma cya 4: Kubungabunga muyunguruzi bikenera gusa gusimburwa buri gihe kuri serivise
Kwibutsa: Kubera ko amavuta ya mazutu arimo amazi, ibuka gukuramo akayunguruzo buri gihe mugihe ukoresha mugihe cyo kuyungurura buri gihe.

Intego yo gushungura lisansi nugusukura lisansi mumodoka yawe, kuvanaho umwanda no kurinda inshinge zawe.Akayunguruzo ka peteroli gasukuye kazafasha guhora kwa peteroli kuri moteri yawe yaka neza.Niba akayunguruzo ka lisansi kahindutse umwanda cyangwa grime, lisansi irashobora kudashobora gucana neza, bigatuma imbaraga zigabanuka muri moteri yawe.

Akayunguruzo ka peteroli karahagaritswe kandi karashobora gutuma lisansi nkeya yinjira muri sisitemu yo gutera ibitoro, bityo rero ivangwa rya peteroli yo mu kirere.Ibi birashobora gutuma moteri yawe yaka umuriro, igabanya ingufu za moteri kandi ikongera ibyuka byangiza imyuka yo mu nzu.Irashobora kandi gutuma moteri yawe ikora cyane noneho nibisanzwe bitifuzwa.

Kugira akayunguruzo keza ka lisansi bizamura ubuzima bwinshinge za lisansi, bizemerera imbaraga rusange muri rusange no gukoresha peteroli.Akayunguruzo gashya ka lisansi kazemerera umuvuduko wa peteroli no gukora neza moteri yimodoka.

1. Mbere yo gusimbuza amavuta ya hydraulic ya filteri, kura amavuta yumwimerere ya hydraulic mumasanduku, genzura ibintu byungurura amavuta, ibintu byungurura amavuta hamwe nicyitegererezo cya filteri yubwoko butatu bwamavuta ya hydraulic kugirango urebe niba hari ibyuma dosiye, umuringa cyangwa ibindi byanduye.Ikintu cyumuvuduko wumuriro aho amavuta yumuvuduko wa peteroli aherereye ni amakosa.Nyuma yo kuvugurura bimaze kuvaho, sukura sisitemu.

2. Iyo usimbuye amavuta ya hydraulic, ibintu byose byungurura amavuta ya hydraulic (ibintu byo kugarura amavuta, ibintu byungurura amavuta, ibiyungurura byamazi) bigomba gusimburwa icyarimwe, bitabaye ibyo bihwanye no kudahinduka.

3. Menya ikirango cya hydraulic.Ntukavange amavuta ya hydraulic yibirango n'ibirango bitandukanye, bishobora gutera amavuta ya hydraulic amavuta yo kuyungurura gukora no kwangirika no kubyara ibintu bisa numuhengeri.

4. Mbere yo kongeramo lisansi, hydraulic yamavuta ya filteri (element suction filter element) igomba kubanza gushyirwaho.Nozzle ya hydraulic yamavuta ya filteri yibintu biganisha kuri pompe nkuru.Kwinjira kwanduye bizihutisha kwambara pompe nkuru, kandi pompe izakubitwa.

5. Nyuma yo kongeramo amavuta, witondere pompe nkuru kugirango umwuka ushushe, bitabaye ibyo imodoka yose ntigenda mugihe gito, pompe nkuru izatera urusaku rudasanzwe (urusaku rwikirere), kandi cavitation yangiza pompe yamavuta ya hydraulic.Uburyo bwo guhumeka umwuka ni ukurekura mu buryo butaziguye umuyoboro uri hejuru ya pompe nkuru hanyuma ukuzuza mu buryo butaziguye.

6. Mubisanzwe mukore ibizamini bya peteroli.Umuhengeri wumuyaga ushungura ikintu nikintu gishobora gukoreshwa, kandi kigomba guhita gisimburwa nyuma yuko gikunze guhagarikwa.

7. Witondere gusunika igitoro cya sisitemu n'umuyoboro, hanyuma unyuze ibikoresho bya lisansi hamwe na filteri mugihe lisansi.

8. Ntukemere ko amavuta ari mu kigega cya lisansi ahura n’ikirere, kandi ntukavange amavuta ashaje kandi mashya, bifasha kuramba igihe cyakazi cyibintu bishungura.

Kubungabunga ibikoresho bya hydraulic filter, ni intambwe yingenzi yo gukora imirimo isanzwe.Mubyongeyeho, niba ikoreshwa igihe kirekire, isuku yimpapuro ziyungurura zizagabanuka.Ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, impapuro zo kuyungurura zigomba gusimburwa buri gihe kandi uko bikwiye kugirango bigerweho neza muyungurura, hanyuma niba ibikoresho byikitegererezo bikora, ntusimbuze ikintu cyo kuyungurura.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwayunguruzo, kandi ibyangombwa bisabwa kuri bo ni: kuri sisitemu rusange ya hydraulic, mugihe uhitamo akayunguruzo, ingano yimyunyu ngugu mumavuta igomba gufatwa nkintoya kuruta icyuho cyibice bigize hydraulic;kubikurikirana sisitemu ya hydraulic, akayunguruzo kagomba guhitamo.Akayunguruzo keza.Ibisabwa muri rusange muyungurura ni ibi bikurikira:

1) Hano hari filtration ihagije, ni ukuvuga, irashobora guhagarika ibice byanduye bifite ubunini runaka.

2) Imikorere myiza yo gutambutsa amavuta.Nukuvuga ko, iyo amavuta anyuze, mugihe hagabanutse umuvuduko runaka, umubare wamavuta anyura mugice cyo kuyungurura igice agomba kuba manini, kandi ecran ya filteri yashyizwe kumasoko yamavuta ya pompe hydraulic igomba kuba ifite a ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura inshuro zirenga 2 ubushobozi bwa pompe hydraulic.

3) Ibikoresho byo kuyungurura bigomba kugira imbaraga zumukanishi kugirango birinde kwangirika kubera umuvuduko wamavuta.

4) Ku bushyuhe runaka, bugomba kugira kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubuzima buhagije.

5) Biroroshye gusukura no kubungabunga, kandi byoroshye gusimbuza ibikoresho byo kuyungurura.

Nyuma y’imyanda iri muri sisitemu ya hydraulic ivanze n’amavuta ya hydraulic, hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ry’amavuta ya hydraulic, bizagira uruhare runini mu gusenya ahantu hose, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu ya hydraulic, nko gukora icyuho gito hagati yimuka ugereranije. ibice mubice bya hydraulic (bipimirwa muri μm) hamwe nu mwobo utobora hamwe nu cyuho bifatanye cyangwa birahagaritswe;gusenya firime yamavuta hagati yibice bigenda byimuka, gushushanya hejuru yicyyuho, kongera umuvuduko wimbere, kugabanya imikorere, kongera ubushyuhe, kongera ibikorwa bya chimique yamavuta, kandi bigatuma amavuta yangirika.Dukurikije imibare y’umusaruro, ibice birenga 75% byananiranye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic biterwa n’imyanda ivanze n’amavuta ya hydraulic.Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic kubungabunga isuku yamavuta no gukumira umwanda wamavuta.

A. Umwanda utangwa mugihe cyakazi, nkimyanda iterwa nigikorwa cya hydraulic kashe, ifu yicyuma iterwa no kwambara ugereranije kwimuka, colloid, asfaltene, hamwe nibisigara bya karubone biterwa no kwangirika kwa okiside yamavuta. .

B. Umwanda wa mashini uracyasigaye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic nyuma yo gukora isuku, nk'ingese, guta umucanga, gusudira, gusiga ibyuma, gusiga irangi, gusiga irangi uruhu hamwe n'ibishishwa by'ipamba;

C. Umwanda winjira muri hydraulic sisitemu yo hanze, nkumukungugu winjira mubyambu byuzuza lisansi nimpeta yumukungugu;

Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gukusanya umwanda mumazi.Ibikoresho bikozwe mubikoresho byo kuyungurura kugirango bifate umwanda byitwa gushungura.Akayunguruzo ka rukuruzi gakoresha ibikoresho bya magnetiki kuri adsorb ibyuka bihumanya byitwa magnetiki.Mubyongeyeho, hariho amashanyarazi ya electrostatike, gutandukanya kuyungurura nibindi.Muri sisitemu ya hydraulic, icyegeranyo icyo aricyo cyose cyangiza imyanda ihumanya hamwe hamwe na filteri ya hydraulic.Usibye uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho byoroshye cyangwa gukomeretsa icyuho cyiza kugirango hirindwe umwanda, filtri ya hydraulic ikoreshwa cyane ni filteri ya magnetiki na filteri ya electrostatike ikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.Imikorere: Igikorwa cya filteri ya hydraulic nugushungura umwanda utandukanye muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.

Akayunguruzo ka Hydraulic gakoreshwa ahantu hose muri sisitemu ya hydraulic sisitemu yanduye igomba kuvaho.Umwanda wanduye urashobora kwinjizwa mu kigega, cyakozwe mugihe cyo gukora ibice bya sisitemu, cyangwa kubyara imbere biva mu bice bya hydraulic ubwabyo (cyane cyane pompe na moteri).Umwanda wanduye nintandaro yambere yo kunanirwa kwa hydraulic.

Akayunguruzo ka Hydraulic gakoreshwa ahantu hatatu h’ingenzi ya sisitemu ya hydraulic, bitewe nurwego rukenewe rwisuku ryamazi.Hafi ya sisitemu ya hydraulic ifite sisitemu yo kugaruka kumurongo, ifata uduce duto twinjiye cyangwa twabyaye mumuzunguruko wa hydraulic.Garuka umurongo wo kuyungurura imitego ibice byinjira mubigega, bitanga amazi meza kugirango yongere yinjire muri sisitemu.

Amazi yinjira muyungurura avuye mumazi.Muyunguruzi byikora byabanje gushungura ibice binini byanduye binyuze munteko ya filteri yibintu, hanyuma igera kuri filteri nziza.Nyuma yo kuyungurura ibice byiza byumwanda ukoresheje ecran ya filteri nziza, amazi meza asohoka mumazi.Mugihe cyo kuyungurura, umwanda uri murwego rwimbere rwiyungurura rwiza ugenda wegeranya buhoro buhoro, kandi itandukaniro ryumuvuduko rikorwa hagati yimbere ninyuma yinyuma yo kwisukura.

Amazi agomba gutunganywa na hydraulic yamashanyarazi yamashanyarazi yinjira mumubiri avuye mumazi, kandi umwanda uri mumazi ugashyirwa kumurongo wibyuma bidafite ingese, bikavamo itandukaniro ryumuvuduko.Itandukaniro ryumuvuduko hagati yinjira nisohoka rikurikiranwa nigitutu gitandukanye.Iyo itandukaniro ryumuvuduko rigeze ku giciro cyagenwe, umugenzuzi w'amashanyarazi yohereza ikimenyetso kuri hydraulic igenzura kandi ikanatwara moteri, itera ibikorwa bikurikira: moteri itwara umuyonga kugirango uzunguruke, usukure ibintu byungurura, kandi ufungure igenzura kuri icyarimwe.Kubisohora imyanda, inzira yose yisuku imara amasegonda icumi gusa.Iyo isuku yumuyoboro wogusukura warangije kurangira, valve igenzura irafunzwe, moteri ihagarara kuzunguruka, sisitemu isubira muburyo bwambere, hanyuma inzira yo kuyungurura itangira.

Ikintu cyungurura amavuta nikintu cyo kuyungurura.Imikorere ya filteri yamavuta nugushungura izuba, amenyo nubushuhe mumavuta, no kugeza amavuta meza kuri buri gice cyamavuta.

Kugirango ugabanye kurwanya ubukana hagati yibice bigenda byoroha muri moteri no kugabanya kwambara kw ibice, amavuta ahora atwarwa hejuru yubusabane bwa buri gice cyimuka kugirango akore firime yamavuta yo gusiga.Amavuta ya moteri ubwayo arimo ingano nini, umwanda, ubushuhe ninyongeramusaruro.Muri icyo gihe, mugihe cyimikorere ya moteri, kwinjiza imyanda yambara ibyuma, kwinjiza imyanda mukirere, no kubyara okiside ya peteroli bituma imyanda mumavuta yiyongera buhoro buhoro.Niba amavuta yinjiye mu buryo butaziguye amavuta yo kwisiga atayungurujwe, izuba riri mu mavuta rizanwa mu bushyamirane bw’imigendere yimuka, bizihutisha kwambara ibice kandi bigabanye ubuzima bwa moteri.